Drive DC Motor using Transistor and Arduino

            

                Control DC Motor with Transistor and Arduino:

                         In this lesson you learn how to Drive DC Motor with Transistro.The reason of using Transistor with Arduino is that in any microcontroller there is not enough current to drive heavy loads like motors so for drive the heavy loads we use some extra switch like transistor.

Use of transistor is also useful when if you are using some external switch such as push button and you want to use electrical switch instead of using push button you can use Transistor so it can switch electrically with heavy loads.
                                             

                                     

Theory of Transistor:

             Transistor have three legs emitter, base, collector. Transistor is using to turn a small input current into large output current and acts like amplifier. But at the same time it also used for switching.

             When there is no current is flow through base a little or no current flow between emitter and collector. Turn ON the base current make a big current flows through emitter and collector.                                                                       

 

                       

 Transistors:

                  1. Purely an electronic device, also called Electronic switches
                  2. Comes in configuration of PNP and NPN. We will be using NPN configuration.
                  3. Can handle DC loads only
                  4. They can operate at MHz speed
                  5. Activation generally requires low voltages that in most of the cases, can be provided by
                  Arduino board
                 6. Long life
                                       

Schematic of  dc motor, transistor and arduino:                    

                The schematic diagram which will show you how to connect your motor with the Arduino in practical circuit.The components are DC motor, diode, transistor and resistor.

               The pin D6 of the Arduino is connected to the resistor. Just like when using an LED, this limits the current flowing into the transistor through the base.

Reason of using Diode:

                When the motor is spinning and then turned off it is possible that the motor will generate some electric current before it stops spinning. We use a diode to prevent the current from damaging the other circuitry.

The diode prevent back EMF to protect your Arduino too.

                          

 

                In this code of arduino transistor switch. when you upload the code open serial windows of arduino and write speed 

You have successfully completed one more Arduino "How to" tutorial and you learned how to drive a DC Motor with Transistor. For switching led with transistor click http://www.makeitmech.com/2017/02/how-to-use-transistor-switch-with.html

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